한국연소학회지 · 한국연소학회

Research Article

Study on the Combustion Characteristics of a Gas Turbine Combustors under Hydrogen Co-firing Conditions
수소 혼합 연소 조건에서 가스터빈 연소기의 연소 특성 연구

Jaebin Lee, Sanghyeon Lee, Byeongmin Ahn, Dowon Kang, Minkuk Kim, Yeseul Park, Misung Choi
이재빈, 이상현, 안병민, 강도원, 김민국, 박예슬, 최민성

This study focuses on a gas turbine combustor designed for hydrogen co-firing conditions. A single nozzle and combustor were designed based on … + READ MORE

This study focuses on a gas turbine combustor designed for hydrogen co-firing conditions. A single nozzle and combustor were designed based on the industrial model for CFD. The k-ω SST turbulence model and the GRI 3.0 chemical mechanism were adopted to simulate the combustor. Simulation results showed that for unmixedness, there was a common trend of increased unmixedness at the swirler region with varying co-firing ratios, followed by a tendency to decrease. Additionally, even with the same co-firing ratio, there were differences in unmixedness depending on the operating conditions. As for velocity, higher co-firing ratios resulted in increased velocities and smaller internal recirculation zone. In terms of temperature, while the peak temperature rose with higher co-firing ratios, there was minimal difference in temperature distribution changes. For OH concentration, higher co-firing ratios led to higher concentrations and shorter flame length. - COLLAPSE

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30 September 2024
Research Article

Ignition and Combustion Characteristics of Alternative Fuel under High-Temperature and High-Pressure Conditions
고온 고압 조건에서 대체 연료의 점화 및 연소특성에 관한 연구

Jiho Park, Hyung Sub Sim
박지호, 심형섭

The ignition and combustion processes of alternative fuels need thorough understanding within a ‘beyond-RON’ regime, under temperature and pressure conditions relevant to … + READ MORE

The ignition and combustion processes of alternative fuels need thorough understanding within a ‘beyond-RON’ regime, under temperature and pressure conditions relevant to compression-ignition engines, in contrast to their spark-ignition counterparts. This study investigates the low- and high-temperature ignition and combustion processes in high-pressure spray flames of primary reference fuel (PRF80) using simultaneous 50-kHz formaldehyde (CH₂O) planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and 100-kHz schlieren imaging. The experiments are performed within a constant-volume pre-burn chamber, utilizing a highly convergent single-hole injector provided by the Engine Combustion Network (ECN), specifically Spray A-3. Simultaneous high-speed imaging diagnostics reveal the early cool flame formation and its evolution, the sequential consumption of formaldehyde, high-temperature ignition, and the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in high-pressure PRF80 spray flames. At lower temperatures, a gradual increase in pressure traces and apparent heat release rate (AHRR) indicates low-temperature heat release (LTHR), with numerous spikes observed before high-temperature ignition. The efficiency decreases compared to higher temperatures at the lowest tested temperature condition (899 K). The differences in low- and high-temperature ignition delay times decrease rapidly with increasing ambient temperature, both becoming shorter. Additionally, the flame lift-off length (FLOL) and CH₂O inception distances shorten as the ambient temperatures rise. - COLLAPSE

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30 September 2024
Research Article

Extinction Behavior Characteristics of Ammonia Partial Cracking Simulated Fuels with Flame Interactions
화염 상호작용 내 암모니아 부분 크래킹 모사연료의 소화거동 특성

Jinseong Kim, Keeman Lee
김진성, 이기만

The extinction behavior and chemical interaction characteristics of ammonia cracking simulated fuels were investigated in twin counterflow burner with flame interactions. The … + READ MORE

The extinction behavior and chemical interaction characteristics of ammonia cracking simulated fuels were investigated in twin counterflow burner with flame interactions. The UCSD mechanism showed the best agreement with the experimental extinction limits under a cracking ratio of 16%. The flame stability map was presented with global strain rate and volumetric fraction of H₂ as a major variable. As the strain rate increases, the extinction boundary narrows, and the lean extinction boundary shows a steeper slope and stronger interaction compared to the rich extinction boundary. Under rich conditions, as the strain rate increases, the heat release rate and maximum temperature of the flames decrease leading to extinction. Through flame structure analysis, it is confirmed that the preferential diffusion of H and H₂ occurs under lean extinction limit conditions, and the consumption reaction of HNO becomes more active, leading to a chain-terminating reaction tendency. - COLLAPSE

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30 September 2024
Research Article

NO and NH₃ Distribution in a Small Scale Coal-ammonia Co-firing Reactor
소형 석탄-암모니아 혼소반응기 내에서의 NO 및 NH₃의 농도분포

Sangin Keel, Minkyu Jeon, Eunsong Lee, Kyoungil Park, Sehyun Baek, Dongkwon Choi
길상인, 전민규, 이은송, 박경일, 백세현, 최동권

As part of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, verification efforts targeting commercial thermal power generation facilities are actively underway not only in Korea … + READ MORE

As part of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, verification efforts targeting commercial thermal power generation facilities are actively underway not only in Korea but also in many other countries around the world. Securing stability against nitrogen oxides or ammonia slip generated during the energy conversion process is very important for the successful use of ammonia co-firing technology. Through this study, we attempted to effectively control NO generation and minimize ammonia slip by analyzing the behavior of fuel and oxidizer within the furnace. The concentration of reaction gas containing ammonia was measured in the reaction field, and the effect of combustion factors such as ammonia injection location and oxidant supply method on NOx distribution was analyzed. There is no combustion delay due to ammonia co-firing, and there is little possibility of ammonia slip occurring during normal operation. As the co-firing ratio increases, the amount of NO production tends to increase. Since a large amount of oxygen is supplied intensively to the ammonia reaction, NO production can increase significantly, so care must be taken during co-firing system design. Implementing high temperature air combustion in ammonia mixture helps to suppress NO generation. And it is thought that using multi-stage combustion of oxidizer and separate supply of ammonia will be effective in reducing NO generation by inducing reduction reaction. - COLLAPSE

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30 September 2024
Research Article

Experimental Study on NOx Generation and Slip NH₃ Treatment in a Small Scale Coal-ammonia Co-firing System
소형 석탄-암모니아 혼소시스템에서의 NOx 발생 및 slip 암모니아 처리기술에 관한 실험적 연구

Sangin Keel, Minkyu Jeon, Eunsong Lee, Kyoungil Park, Sehyun Baek, Dongkwon Choi
길상인, 전민규, 이은송, 박경일, 백세현, 최동권

Ammonia, along with hydrogen, is a representative CO₂ free energy and co-firing of coal and ammonia is a direct means of … + READ MORE

Ammonia, along with hydrogen, is a representative CO₂ free energy and co-firing of coal and ammonia is a direct means of suppressing greenhouse gas emissions. As an energy source, excessive generation of NOx, including NO, and the risk of air emissions of ammonia slip are important issues in the use of ammonia fuel. By analyzing the nitrogen oxide emission characteristics from a 5 kW lab. scale co-firing furnaces and deriving a stable treatment function for slip ammonia, we aim to provide basic data necessary for practical design. For this purpose, the NOx generation was checked according to various experimental factors such as ammonia co-firing ratio, air flowrate, ammonia injection point and oxidizer supply technique. There is no doubt that the increase of ammonia co-firing ratio is a factor in the increase of NO emission. However, NO can be stably controlled by combustion engineering methods such as air ratio, multi-stage supply of fuel and oxidizer. And separate supply of ammonia can suppress the generation of NO by inducing effects such as heat load reduction and high-temperature air combustion. Ammonia slip cannot occur in normal operation, but rather slip may occur due to the SCR reductant. In preparation for unexpected ammonia leakage, the installation of an ammonia oxidation catalyst was reviewed. - COLLAPSE

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30 September 2024
Research Article

Chemi-luminescence Measurement and Exact Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Combustion-Instability Analysis in a Gas Turbine Combustor
자발광 계측 결과와 EDMD 기법을 적용한 가스터빈 연소기의 연소불안정성 분석

Ji Hwan Seong, Yuangang Wang, Soon Been Park, Jeongjae Hwang, Won June Lee, Chae Hoon Sohn
성지환, 왕위엔강, 박순빈, 황정재, 이원준, 손채훈

To analyze combustion instability in the combustor of a gas turbine, the results of chemi-luminescence measurement are applied for the exact dynamic … + READ MORE

To analyze combustion instability in the combustor of a gas turbine, the results of chemi-luminescence measurement are applied for the exact dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD) as hydrogen blending ratio, pilot split ratio, and operating pressure. The resonant frequencies obtained using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and EDMD are compared to confirm the growth rate and mode shape. The effect of hydrogen blending ratio, pilot split ratio, and pressure on the combustion instability was confirmed by comparing these results and used for analysis of combustion instability. - COLLAPSE

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30 September 2024

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Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion

Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion

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