All Issue

2025 Vol.30, Issue 2 Preview Page

Research Article

Hydrogen Co-Firing Characteristics of a Gas Turbine Combustor with Axial Fuel Staging Combustion

축방향 다단연소가 적용된 가스터빈 연소기의 수소 혼소 특성

Jeongjae Hwang1
,
Won June Lee1
,
Kyungwook Min1
,
Jaehyun Kim1
,
Do Won Kang1
,
Ju Hyeong Cho1
,
Han-Seok Kim2
,
Min Kuk Kim1†
황 정재1
,
이 원준1
,
민 경욱1
,
김 재현1
,
강 도원1
,
조 주형1
,
김 한석2
,
김 민국1†
1GT Research Team, Department of Carbon-free Power Generation, KIMM
2Department of Enterprise Support, KIMM
1한국기계연구원 무탄소발전연구실 가스터빈연구팀
2한국기계연구원 기업지원실
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2025. pp. 46-55
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

A can-type gas turbine combustor with axial fuel staging (AFS) was developed to investigate combustion characteristics under natural gas and hydrogen co-firing. Experiments evaluated the effects of AFS fuel split and hydrogen content on emissions and stability. NOx emissions were minimized at an AFS split of ~16% across all hydrogen levels, while increasing hydrogen content slightly raised NOx and significantly reduced CO emissions. Higher AFS splits enhanced jet penetration, as shown by changes in the exit temperature profile. Combustion dynamics amplitude decreased at specific hydrogen contents, indicating the potential of AFS for stabilizing hydrogen co-firing.

Keywords
Hydrogen co-firing
Axial fuel staging
Gas turbine combustion
Staging combustion
Profile factor
References
1

J. Catillaz, J. Goldmeer, A Pathway to Lower CO2: Decarbonizing gas turbines through carbon capture, GEA34966(09/21), 2021.

2

J.E. Portillo, R. Laster, Low NOx combustor design for η > 65% CC, UTSR Conference November, 2015.

3

H. Karim, J. Natarajan, V. Narra, J. Cai, S. Rao, J. Kegley, J. Citeno, Staged combution system for improved emissions operability & flexibility for 7HA class heavy duty gas turbine engine, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo, 2017, GT2017-63998.

10.1115/GT2017-63998
4

R. Kulkarni, J.P. Wood, M. Zuber, H.U. Karim, Numerical simulation of a reaction jet in a vitiated cross flow using a novel progress variable approach, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo, 2017, GT2017- 64325.

10.1115/GT2017-64325
5

D. Ahrens, NOx-formation in reacting premixed jets in hot cross flow, Ph.D. Thesis, Technischen Universität München, Germany, 2015.

10.1115/GT2014-26139
6

D. Ahrens, M. Kolb, C. Hirsch, T. Sattelmayer, Influence of preflame and postflame mixing on NOx formation in a reacting premixed jet in hot cross flow, J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 138 (2016) 081506.

10.1115/1.4032420
7

M. Kolb, D. Ahrens, C. Hirsch, T. Sattelmayer, A model for predicting the lift-off height of premixed jets in vitiated cross flow, J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 138 (2016) 081901.

10.1115/1.4032421
8

M. Kolb, Influence of the injector geometry on mixing and lift-off of premixed jet flames in hot cross flow, Ph.D. Thesis, Technischen Universität München, Germany, 2016.

9

M. D. Sirignano, V. Nair, B. Emerson, J. Seitzman, T. C. Lieuwen, Nitrogen oxide emissions from rich premixed reacting jets in a vitiated crossflow, Proc. Combust. Inst. 37 (2019) 5393-5400.

10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.088
10

V. Nair, B. Wilde, B. Emerson, T.C. Lieuwen, Shear Layer Dynamics in a Reacting Jet in Crossflow, Proc. Combust. Inst. 37 (2019) 5173-5180.

10.1016/j.proci.2018.06.031
11

J. Hwang, M. Kim, W.J. Lee, K. Min, J. Cho, D. Kang, H. Kim, NOx emission of axial staging combustion for heavy duty gas turbines, The 61th KOSCO Symposium, 2021, 140.

12

J. Hwang, W.J. Lee, M. Kim, K. Min, D. Kang, J. Cho, H. Kim, Axial staging combustion of heavy duty gas turbines, The 63th KOSCO Symposium, 2022, 40-41.

13

J. Hwang, H. Kim, J. Cho, M. Kim, D. Kang, W.J. Lee, K. Min, Development of axial fuel staging combustion technology for gas turbine combustors, The 65th KOSCO Symposium, 2023, 2-3.

14

J. Hwang, M.K. Kim, W.J. Lee, K. Min, J. Cho, D. Kang, H. Kim, NOx emission of axial staging combustion for heavy duty gas turbines, J. Korean Soc. Combust. 28(4) (2023) 21-29.

10.15231/jksc.2023.28.4.021
15

Y. Choi, K.T. Kim, Mode shape-dependent thermoacoustic interactions between a lean-premixed primary flame and an axially-staged transverse reacting jet, Combust. Flame 255 (2023) 112884.

10.1016/j.combustflame.2023.112884
16

Y. Choi, K.T. Kim, Experimental investigation of thermoacoustic interactions between axially-staged lean-premixed flames, The 65th KOSCO Symposium, 2023, 131-133.

17

G. Han, Y. Choi, K.T. Kim, Influence of injector spacing on combustion dynamics of axially-staged lean-premixed flames, The 65th KOSCO Symposium, 2023, 241-242.

18

Y. Choi, G. Han, K.T. Kim, Amplification of Combustion instabilities in a Lean-premixed Axially- staged Combustor Due to Frequency Synchronization, J. Korean Soc. Combust. 29(1) (2024) 48-56.

10.15231/jksc.2024.29.1.048
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Combustion
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국연소학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국연소학회지
  • Volume : 30
  • No :2
  • Pages :46-55
  • Received Date : 2025-06-13
  • Revised Date : 2025-06-14
  • Accepted Date : 2025-06-15
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.15231/jksc.2025.30.2.046
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
Online submission
  • ESCI_jkosco
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • crossref cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close