Physical and Chemical Properties of ULSD Particulate Matter with Hygroscopicity

Byeol Kang; Seul-Hyun Park

doi:10.15231/jksc.2022.27.4.050

All Issue

2022 Vol.27, Issue 4 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

Physical and Chemical Properties of ULSD Particulate Matter with Hygroscopicity 습식 성장한 ULSD 입자상 물질의 물리적 및 화학적 특성 분석에 관한 연구

31 December 2022. pp. 50-58

PDF XML

Abstract

Condensation of water can affect the morphology of particulate matter (PM) produced from burning hydrocarbon fuel and thus their refractive index, eventually altering the light scattering properties of particles. Optical characteristics of PMs released in the air is an essential research to reduce uncertainty in terms of environmental and climate models. However, research results on the effect of hygroscopicity of particulate matter on optical properties are relatively insufficient. Therefore, in this study, optical characteristics were studied through physical and chemical analysis of Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) PM produced under different relative humidity conditions. While Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM) analysis was performed to confirm the physical shape, Raman spectra & total carbon analysis were performed to elucidate the degree of graphitization of carbon of PM. Results obtained from series of analyses clearly indicate that ULSD PM reacted with water to collapse the agglomerate structure into a compact form, thus resulting in an increase in the light scattering effect.

Keywords

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel

Relative Humidity

Scattering

Fractal parameter

References

S. Tiwari, G. Pandithurai, S.D. Attri, A.K. Srivastava, V.K. Soni, D.S. Bisht, V. Anil Kumar, Manoj K. Srivastava, Aerosol optical properties and their relationship with meteorological parameters during wintertime in Delhi, India. Atmos. Res. 153 (2015) 465-479. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.10.003

Y. Li, Q. Chen, H. Zhao, L. Wang, R. Tao, Variations in PM10, PM2. 5 and PM1. 0 in an urban area of the Sichuan Basin and their relation to meteorological factors. Atmosphere 6(1) (2015) 150-163. 10.3390/atmos6010150

G. Oberdörster, E. Oberdörster, J. Jan Oberdörster, Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles. Environ. Health Perspect. 113(7) (2005) 823-839. 10.1289/ehp.733916002369PMC1257642

Y. Bai, R. E. Brugha, L. Jacobs, J. Grigg, T. S. Nawrot, B. Nemery, Carbon loading in airway macrophages as a biomarker for individual exposure to particulate matter air pollution-A critical review. Environ. Int. 74 (2015) 32-41. 10.1016/j.envint.2014.09.01025318022

H.O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, H. Adams, C. Adler, P. Aldunce, E. Ali, R. Ara Begum, R. Betts, R.B. Kerr, et al, Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (2022).

K.A. Fuller, W.C. Malm, S.M Kreidenweis, Effects of mixing on extinction by carbonaceous particles. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 104(D13) (1999) 15941-15954. 10.1029/1998JD100069

C.M. Sorensen, Light scattering by fractal aggregates: a review. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 35(2) (2001) 648-687. 10.1080/02786820117868

V.A. Markel, V.M Shalaev, Absorption of light by soot particles in micro-droplets of water. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 63(2-6) (1999) 321-339. 10.1016/S0022-4073(99)00022-9

H. Eichler, Y.F. Cheng, W. Birmili, A. Nowak, A. Wiedensohler, E. Brüggemann, T. Gnauk, H. Herrmann, D. Althausen, A. Ansmann, R. Engelmann, M. Tesche, M. Wendisch, Y.H. Zhang, M. Hu, S. Liu, L.M. Zeng, Hygroscopic properties and extinction of aerosol particles at ambient relative humidity in South-Eastern China. Atmos. Environ. 42(25) (2008) 6321-6334. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.007

E. Weingartner, H. Burtscher, U. Baltensperger, Hygroscopic properties of carbon and diesel soot particles. Atmos. Environ. 31(15) (1997) 2311-2327. 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00023-X

I.N. Tang, Thermodynamic and optical properties of mixed‐salt aerosols of atmospheric importance. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 102(D2) (1997) 1883-1893. 10.1029/96JD03085

I.N. Tang, H.R. Munkelwitz, Water activities, densities, and refractive indices of aqueous sulfates and sodium nitrate droplets of atmospheric importance. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 99(D9) (1994) 18801-18808. 10.1029/94JD01345

H. Levy, M.D. Schwarzkopf, L. Horowitz, V. Ramaswamy, K.L. Findell, Strong sensitivity of late 21st century climate to projected changes in short‐lived air pollutants. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 113(D6) (2008). 10.1029/2007JD009176

D.T. Shindell, H. Levy, M.D. Schwarzkopf, L.W. Horowitz, J.F. Lamarque, G. Faluvegi, Multimodel projections of climate change from short‐lived emissions due to human activities. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 113(D11) (2008). 10.1029/2007JD009152

S.H. Lee, S.H. Park, Experimental Investigations of the Characteristics of the Length Variation of Kerosene-Oxygen Laminar Diffusion Flames. Fire Sci. Eng. 32(6) (2018) 22-27. 10.7731/KIFSE.2018.32.6.022

J.G. Radney, R. You, X. Ma, J.M. Conny, M.R. Zachariah, J.T. Hodges, C.D. Zangmeister, Dependence of soot optical properties on particle morphology: measurements and model comparisons. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48(6) (2014) 3169-3176. 10.1021/es404180424548253

M. Wozniak, F.R.A. Onofri, S. Barbosa, J. Yon, J. Mroczka, Comparison of methods to derive morphological parameters of multi-fractal samples of particle aggregates from TEM images. J. Aerosol Sci. 47 (2012) 12-26. 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.12.008

C.A. Schneider, W.S. Rasband, K.W. Eliceiri, NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis. Nat. Methods 9(7) (2012) 671-675. 10.1038/nmeth.208922930834PMC5554542

Ü.Ö. Köylü, G.M. Faeth, Structure of overfire soot in buoyant turbulent diffusion flames at long residence times. Combust. Flame 89(2) (1992) 140-156. 10.1016/0010-2180(92)90024-J

R.K. Chakrabarty, H. Moosmüller, W.P. Arnott, M.A. Garro, G. Tian, J.G. Slowik, E.S. Cross, J.H. Han, P. Davidovits, T.B. Onasch, D.R. Worsnop, Low fractal dimension cluster-dilute soot aggregates from a premixed flame. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102(23) (2009) 235504. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.23550419658949

C. Arnas, C. Dominique, P. Roubin, C. Martin, C. Laffon, P. Parent, C. Brosset, B. Pégourié, Experimental study of different carbon dust growth mechanisms. J. Nucl. Mater. 337 (2005) 69-73. 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.09.026

U. Koeylue, Y. Xing, D.E. Rosner, Fractal morphology analysis of combustion-generated aggregates using angular light scattering and electron microscope images. Langmuir 11(12) (1995) 4848-4854. 10.1021/la00012a043

A. Mita, K. Isono, Effective complex refractive index of atmospheric aerosols containing absorbing substances. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. Ser. II 58(1) (1980) 69-80. 10.2151/jmsj1965.58.1_69

S.B. Singham, C.F. Bohren, Scattering of unpolarized and polarized light by particle aggregates of different size and fractal dimension. Langmuir 9(5) (1993) 1431-1435. 10.1021/la00029a044

A. Sadezky, H. Muckenhuber, H. Grothe, R. Niessner, U. Pöschl, Raman microspectroscopy of soot and related carbonaceous materials: Spectral analysis and structural information. Carbon 43(8) (2005) 1731-1742. 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.02.018

H. Horvath, Atmospheric light absorption-A review. Atmos. Environ. A, Gen. Top. 27(3) (1993) 293-317. 10.1016/0960-1686(93)90104-7

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Combustion
Publisher(Ko) :한국연소학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
Journal Title(Ko) :한국연소학회지
Volume : 27
No :4
Pages :50-58
Received Date : 2022-11-23
Revised Date : 2022-11-27
Accepted Date : 2022-11-29
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15231/jksc.2022.27.4.050

Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion 한국연소학회지 ISSN:1226-0959(Print) 2466-2089(Online)

All Issue